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glossary

RFP (Request for Proposal)

What is a Request for Proposal (RFP)?

A Request for Proposal is a solicitation that asks vendors to submit a full proposal describing how they would meet a requirement, not just a price. The government uses an RFP when the work is complex enough that the best choice depends on factors beyond cost, such as technical approach, experience, staffing, and past performance.

How it differs from an RFQ or IFB

The solicitation type signals how you will be judged. An RFP usually leads to a negotiated, best-value award, where the government weighs trade-offs between price and non-price factors. A request for quotation focuses on price against defined requirements, and an invitation for bid awards strictly to the lowest responsive, responsible bidder. Knowing which one you are answering tells you where to spend your proposal effort. Our guide to RFPs, RFQs, RFIs, and SOWs breaks down each.

How to win one

RFP evaluations reward responsiveness and clarity. Read the evaluation factors in Section M and the instructions in Section L, then answer exactly what is asked, in the order asked, with evidence rather than adjectives. Many strong companies lose simply because they wrote about themselves instead of addressing the stated criteria. Understanding the FAR rules behind negotiated procurement helps you read an RFP the way the evaluators will.

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