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glossary

ACAT (Acquisition Category)

What is an Acquisition Category (ACAT)?

An Acquisition Category is the classification the Department of Defense assigns to an acquisition program based on its size, cost, and significance. The ACAT level determines how much oversight a program gets and, critically, who has the authority to make its key milestone decisions. Bigger, costlier, more sensitive programs sit in higher categories with more senior oversight.

How the tiers work

At a high level, the largest and most expensive programs, especially major defense acquisition programs and major IT efforts, fall into the top category and answer to the most senior acquisition officials. Mid-tier programs sit a level down, and the many smaller programs fall into the lowest category, where decision authority rests at a lower, often local, level. The thresholds that separate the tiers are defined in policy and adjusted over time.

Why it matters to contractors

The ACAT level tells you a lot about the environment you are bidding into: how much scrutiny and documentation to expect, how many stakeholders and reviews are involved, and how slowly or quickly decisions move. A high-ACAT program means heavy process and many gates; a low-ACAT one is leaner. Pricing the right level of program-management and reporting effort into your proposal starts with knowing the category. The largest programs are major defense acquisition programs.

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