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glossary

ROM (Rough Order of Magnitude)

What is a Rough Order of Magnitude (ROM)?

A Rough Order of Magnitude is an early, approximate cost estimate meant to size up a possible requirement before anyone has the detail needed for a firm price. It answers the question "roughly what would this cost?" so a program can budget, decide whether to proceed, and shape an acquisition strategy. A ROM is explicitly not a quote and does not bind either party.

How accurate is a ROM?

By design, loosely. Because it is built on incomplete information, a ROM is understood to carry a wide margin, often expressed as a range rather than a single number. As requirements firm up, the ROM gives way to more rigorous estimates and, eventually, to negotiated pricing.

Why contractors get asked for ROMs

Agencies frequently request ROMs during market research or alongside a request for information, both to budget and to gauge industry pricing. A well-judged ROM builds credibility: too low and you look naive or set an anchor you cannot meet, too high and you may price the requirement out of reach. Be clear about your assumptions and the conditions that would change the number, so the estimate is useful without becoming a commitment.

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